The Sensory Problems among Autism Spectrum Disorder Categories from the Perspective of Parents and Specialists

Abstract

The study aimed to identify the differences in sensory problems among autism spectrum disorder categories from the point of view of parents and specialists. It used the qualitative approach (case study), using an purposive sample consisting of four female specialists and six mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder enrolled at Center for Autism in Jizan. The data were analyzed, and conclusions drawn using Ary et al. (2010) which includes three stages: (1) Organizing and Familiarizing, (2) Coding and Reducing, and (3) Interpreting and Representing. The results of this study resulted in the followings: Although sensory problems are associated with all categories of autism spectrum disorder, they appear clearly in people with (Severe) autism spectrum disorder who need very significant support compared to the category of (Moderate) autism spectrum disorder that needs significant support and the category of (Mild) autism spectrum disorder that needs support. The vestibular disorder followed by sensory, auditory and gustatory disorders were the most common among severe autism spectrum disorder. As for people with moderate autism spectrum disorder, olfactory sensory disorders came in the first place, then the tactile and visual disorders. As for people with mild autism spectrum disorder, the auditory sensory disorders came first, then the vestibular ones. The results also indicated that there is a correlation between the severity of symptoms of autism spectrum disorder and the emergence of sensory problems and their impact on the development of the child's skills, and that the interventions carried out by specialists in centers or parents at home may be successful and have a positive impact if used in the right way. The study also recommended a number of educational and training recommendations for educational staff and families with autism spectrum disorder.