Biochemical Characterizations of Acacia mellifera Seed Extract and Evaluation of its Biological Applications

Abstract

Plant bioactive chemicals have numerous biological impacts that are vital to human health. In the present study, Acacia mellifera (A. mellifera) seeds were collected from Jazan in Saudi Arabia, where A. mellifera was extracted using 90% methanol. GC-Mass analysis of A. mellifera extract revealed the presence of seventeen various molecules, six of which were from different chemical classes and were the most prevalent compounds. The extract showed a significant antibacterial impact on Klebsiella pneumonia and Salmonella typhi; their minimal inhibitory levels and bactericidal impact were recoded. Testing 25, 50 and 75% of the Minimum Bactericidal Concentrations (MBC) of the extract illustrated anti-biofilm impact of A. mellifera extract, especially at 75% of MBC. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values of A. mellifera extract compared to different bacteria showed dramatic anti-hemolytic action, especially at 75% of MIC levels. In vitro wound scratch assay using HFB4 cells highlighted the useful role of A. mellifera extract in wound healing. Hence, Saudi A. mellifera seeds have many pharmaceutical applications to be applied on a large scale in future after verifications of these outcomes.